Comparative Effectiveness of Pamphlet and Video Media in Enhancing Breast Self-Examination Knowledge Among High School Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33755/jkk.v11i4.963Keywords:
Breast self-examination; Adolescents; Health education; Pamphlet media; Video media; School-based intervention; Preventive healthAbstract
Background: Adolescence represents a critical developmental stage during which health-related knowledge and preventive behaviours begin to form. Limited awareness of breast health and breast self-examination (BSE) among adolescent girls may reduce opportunities for early detection of breast abnormalities. Educational interventions delivered through accessible media may play an important role in improving adolescents’ understanding of BSE.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of health education delivered through pamphlets and video media on the level of knowledge regarding breast self-examination among female adolescents.
Methods: A quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design using a two-group pretest–posttest approach was conducted at SMAN 3 Tambun Selatan. The study population comprised 598 female students, of whom 592 participated using a total sampling technique. Knowledge of breast self-examination was assessed using a structured questionnaire administered before and after the educational intervention. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon nonparametric test.
Results: The findings demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in adolescents’ knowledge of breast self-examination following education delivered through pamphlets and video media (p < 0.001). Prior to the intervention, most participants showed limited concern for breast health. Post-intervention results indicated increased awareness and understanding of the importance of regular breast self-examination.
Conclusion: Health education using pamphlets and video media is effective in enhancing adolescents’ knowledge of breast self-examination. Integrating structured and media-based educational strategies within school health programmes may strengthen preventive health behaviours and promote early breast health awareness among adolescents.
References
1. Inchley JC, Stevens GWJM, Samdal O, Currie DB. Enhancing understanding of adolescent health and well-being: The health behaviour in school-aged children study. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2020;66(6):S3–5.
2. Zaky EA. Adolescence: A crucial transitional stage in human life. J Child Adolesc Behav. 2016;4(6):115–6.
3. Desta F, Workicho A, Atomsa A, Workneh D, Tebeje B. Knowledge, practice and associated factors of breast self examination among female students of the College of Public Health and Medical Science, Jimma University, Ethiopia. Am J Health Res. 2018;6(2):44–50.
4. Birhane K, Alemayehu M, Anawte B, Gebremariyam G, Daniel R, Addis S, et al. Practices of breast self‐examination and associated factors among female Debre Berhan University students. Int J Breast Cancer. 2017;2017(1):8026297.
5. Getu MA, Kassaw MW, Tlaye KG, Gebrekiristos AF. Assessment of breast self-examination practice and its associated factors among female undergraduate students in Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2016. Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy. 2018;21–8.
6. Getu MA, Abebe M, Tlaye KG, Goshu AT. Breast Self‐Examination Knowledge and its Determinants among Female Students at Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia: An Institution‐Based Cross‐Sectional Study. Biomed Res Int. 2022;2022(1):2870419.
7. Nurianti I, Batubara JD. The Effect of Health Promotion on Adolescents’ Knowledge Regarding Breast Self-Examination (BSE) at Trisakti Junior High School Lubuk Pakam in 2025. JURNAL KESMAS DAN GIZI (JKG). 2025;8(1):614–9.
8. Novianti R, Sugiharti RK, Musmundiroh M, Setianingsih T. Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan dengan Metode Demonstrasi terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Remaja Putri tentang SADARI. SEHATMAS: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2025;4(4):1214–24.
9. Vitasari D, Rahmad I, Darmajaya LA, Haris A. Edukasi Sadari" Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri" untuk Deteksi Dini Kanker Payudara di Kelurahan Jatibaru Kota Bima. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Cendikia Jenius. 2025;3(1):38–44.
10. Adrisyahrani SP, Sugita S, Andriyani A, Mulati TS. Pengaruh Edukasi Tentang Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (SADARI) Melalui Media Leaflet terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri. Jurnal Empathy Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. 2024;67–73.
11. Nadia C. Pengaruh Penyuluhan Kesehatan Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Tentang Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (Sadari) Di Sma Adabiyah Padang. Jurnal Nursing Stikesi Nightingale. 2021;10(1):51–8.
12. Sitanggang SW, Handayani N, Indraswari R. The Effectiveness of Video Media and Leaflets in Breast Self-Examination Education: A Quasi Experimental Study on Indonesian Junior High School Students. Social Science Innovation and Applied Management (SIAM). 2025;2(1).
13. Mutahar R, Adisasmitha AC, Kusumaningrum A, Yeni Y, Safriantini D, Anggraini R. Effectiveness of Video Education in Enhancing Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Among Rural Women: A Quasi-Experimental. Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health. 2024;3(12):2691–700.
14. Abni EN, Kasim AM. The effectiveness of health promotion (audiovisual and leaflet) on adolescents’ behavior regarding breast self-examination. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada. 2024;13(2):389–95.
15. Hamadneh M, Alquran A. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breast self-examination among female schoolteachers in Northern Jordan. J Public Health Res. 2025;14(4):22799036251395256.
16. Alduraibi SK. Breast cancer knowledge and screening behaviors of female teachers: A cross-sectional survey in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care. 2022;11(7):3834–9.
17. Moore SG, Donnelly JK, Jones S, Cade JE. Effect of educational interventions on understanding and use of nutrition labels: a systematic review. Nutrients. 2018;10(10):1432.
18. Rana T, Konapur A, Mishra P, Kour M, Rao A, Arora M, et al. The impact of educational interventions on food label comprehension and food choices among adolescents: a scoping review. BMC Public Health. 2025;25(1):2682.
19. Gopalan M, Rosinger K, Ahn J Bin. Use of quasi-experimental research designs in education research: Growth, promise, and challenges. Review of Research in Education. 2020;44(1):218–43.
20. Cham H, Lee H, Migunov I. Quasi-experimental designs for causal inference: An overview. Asia Pacific Education Review. 2024;25(3):611–27.
