Effective Pain Relief Interventions for Post-Hemorrhoidectomy Patients: A Rapid Evidence Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33755/jkk.v11i2.813Keywords:
emergency nursing, critical nursing, inovation in nursing, nursing, educationAbstract
Background: Hemorrhoid disease, or piles, remains a prevalent global health issue. Hemorrhoidectomy is a common surgical intervention; however, effective postoperative pain management remains a persistent clinical challenge, directly influencing recovery outcomes and patient satisfaction.
Objective: This rapid review aimed to identify the most effective nursing and clinical interventions for managing postoperative pain following hemorrhoidectomy.
Methods: A rapid evidence review was conducted using five electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Sage Journals, SpringerLink, and Scopus. The search included studies published between 2016 and 2024 that investigated pain management strategies for patients undergoing hemorrhoid surgery. Articles were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of eight original research articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. Data on study design, sample size, intervention type, and pain outcomes were extracted and synthesized narratively.
Results: Among the various interventions evaluated, the use of absorbable gelatin sponges as hemostatic agents demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing postoperative pain compared to other commonly used materials, such as epinephrine-soaked gauze. Six out of the eight included studies reported significant reductions in pain intensity and improved patient comfort with gelatin sponge application. These findings highlight the potential of this intervention as a cost-effective and clinically practical approach for enhancing postoperative care.
Conclusion: Absorbable gelatin sponges represent a promising option for postoperative pain management following hemorrhoidectomy. Nonetheless, further large-scale and high-quality studies are warranted to strengthen the evidence base and inform broader clinical adoption
References
1. Pullen Jr RL. Management of anal cancer. Nursing made Incredibly Easy. 2022;20(1):18–27. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NME.0000805380.99627.1f
2. WHO. Hemorrhoid Cases. 2017.
3. Dasar RK. Basic Health Research. 2009.
4. Sekarlina S, Nurhuda M, Sriwahyuni S. Profil Penderita Hemoroid di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Sumatera Barat Periode 2016-2017. Health and Medical Journal. 2020;2(2):37–41. https://doi.org/10.33854/heme.v2i2.455
5. Utami T, Sakitri G. Pemberian Kompres Dingin Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Pada Pasien Post Hemoroidektomi Di Rsud Simo Boyolali: Studi Kasus. Intan Husada: Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan. 2020;8(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.52236/ih.v8i1.169
6. Sanjana IWE, Kamaryati NP, Sagitha IGE, Sari NMCC, Sutini NK. Frequency of Prehospital Ambulance Utilization by Patients with Chronic Disease: A Retrospective Study. Babali Nursing Research. 2023;4(3):299–310. https://doi.org/10.37363/bnr.2023.43239
7. Yanti DA, Silaban LS, Purba S, Simarmata JM. Pengaruh Hand Massage Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Kecemasan Klien Pre Operasi Di Rumah Sakit Patar Asih Lubuk Pakam Tahun 2021. Jurnal Keperawatan Dan Fisioterapi (JKF). 2021;3(2):171–9. https://doi.org/10.35451/jkf.v3i2.606
8. Triandini E, Jayanatha S, Indrawan A, Putra GW, Iswara B. Metode systematic literature review untuk identifikasi platform dan metode pengembangan sistem informasi di Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Information Systems. 2019;1(2):63–77. https://doi.org/10.24002/ijis.v1i2.1916
9. Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O’Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2018;169(7):467–73. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
10. Mott T, Latimer K, Edwards C. Hemorrhoids: diagnosis and treatment options. Am Fam Physician. 2018;97(3):172–9.
11. Coppini M, Caponio VCA, Mauceri R, Bizzoca ME, Laino L, Lorenzo‐Pouso AI, et al. Efficacy of topical agents in oral mucositis prevention: Systematic review and network meta‐analysis. Oral Dis. 2024;30(7):4126–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15046
12. Shen J, Zhou X, Zhao J, Wang H, Ye T, Chen W, et al. Electroacupuncture at Baliao point alleviates post-operative pain and anal distension after procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (stapled hemorrhoidopexy): a prospective randomized clinical trial. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2023;38(1):104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00384-023-04403-y
13. Ding J, He Y, Chen L, Zhu B, Cai Q, Chen K, et al. Virtual reality distraction decreases pain during daily dressing changes following haemorrhoid surgery. Journal of International Medical Research. 2019;47(9):4380–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060519857862
14. Yeh ML, Chung YC, Hsu LC, Hung SH. Effect of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation on post-hemorrhoidectomy-associated pain, anxiety, and heart rate variability: a randomized-controlled study. Clin Nurs Res. 2018;27(4):450–66. https://doi.org/10.1177/1054773816685745
15. Pei X, Song S, Li H, Lu D. Efficacy and safety of acupoint catgut embedding in treating postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoids: a randomized controlled trial protocol. Medicine. 2021;100(19):e25948. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000025948
16. Dubey T, Bhanukiran K, Prasad SK, Hemalatha S. Optimization of extraction process and anti-hemorrhoidal activity of Blumea lacera (burm. f.) dc. leaves in croton oil-induced hemorrhoid model. Pharmacogn Mag. 2023;19(3):709–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/09731296231170936
17. Tsai KM, Kiu KT, Yen MH, Yen YC, Tam KW, Chang TC. Comparison the effect of gelatin sponge and epinephrine-soaked gauze for hemostasis and pain control after hemorrhoidal surgery. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):18010. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-45380-0
18. Wang X, Yin X, Guo X tian, Wang Y, Jin W qi, Mao A jun, et al. Effects of the pestle needle therapy, a type of acupoint stimulation, on post-hemorrhoidectomy pain: A randomized controlled trial. J Integr Med. 2020;18(6):492–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2020.08.001
19. Mintarum A, Murtaqib M, Widayati N, Candra EYS. The Effect of Distraction Therapy on Pain Levels in Patients with Multiple Lumbar Fractures and Nerve Root Injuries in the Seruni Room at Dr Soebandi Hospital, Jember. Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (Comprehensive Nursing Journal). 2024;10(3).
20. Damayanti SU, Herawati E, Suhaemia S, Suraningsih N, Ode IAL, Sofiani Y. Music Therapy on Pain Management Among Post-Operative Patients: A Systematic Review. Jurnal Keperawatan Komprehensif (Comprehensive Nursing Journal). 2022;8(3).
