Nurse Experience in Providing Holistic Care to Covid-19 Patients in Indonesia: A Qualitative Research
Keywords:
COVID-19 patients, experience, holistic care, nursesAbstract
Aims: The study aimed to explore nurses’ experience in delivering holistic care among COVID-19 patients in designated care unit in Indonesian hospital.
Methods: A qualitative study with phenomenology approach conducted. Population in this study were nurses from private and public hospital in West Java Province, Special Region of Yogyakarta and South Sulawesi. 10 participants recruited using purposive sampling with following inclusion criteria: taking care of COVID-19 patients and willingness to participate. Data collected through live interview, video calls and zoom meetings. Thematic data analysis was performed by understanding data or transcript results interview, composing codes and creating theme in accordance with the research purpose.
Results: The study indicated 11 sub-themes and grouped into the three themes: 1) complains reported by COVID-19 patients, 2) Nurses’ intervention to fulfill physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs and 3) Nurses’ care as well as digital technology advantages as a means of therapeutic communication. The study discovered that nurses remain capable to fulfill needs of COVID-19 patients in a holistic approach. It includes the provision of physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs despite nurses experiencing inconvenient due to COVID -19 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) standards.
Conclusion: Holistic care is one mandatory consensus required to be carried out by nurses in taking care of COVID-19 patients as one interconnected bio - psycho - social- spiritual aspects. Holistic care for COVID-19 patients can take advantage of digital technology to fulfill it.
References
Guttormson, J. L., Calkins, K., McAndrew, N., Fitzgerald, J., Losurdo, H., & Loonsfoot, D. (2022). Critical Care Nurses' Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A US National Survey. American journal of critical care : an official publication, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, 31(2), 96–103. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2022312
Sugg, H. V., Russell, A. M., Morgan, L. M., Iles-Smith, H., Richards, D. A., Morley, N., ... & Whear, R. (2021). Fundamental nursing care in patients with the SARS-CoV-2 virus: results from the ‘COVID-NURSE’mixed methods survey into nurses’ experiences of missed care and barriers to care. BMC nursing, 20(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00746-5
Rathore, P., Kumar, S., Haokip, N., Ratre, BK, Bhatnagar, S. (2020). Care: A holistic approach toward patients during a pandemic: through the eyes of a palliative physician. Indian J Palliat Care. 26 (1). S95-S98. doi: 10.4103/IJPC.IJPC_175_20
Kotwani, P., Patwardhan, V., Patel, GM, Williams, CL, & Modi, E. (2021). A holistic care approach to combat the COVID-19 disease. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 10 (2), 844–849. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1549_20
Dossey, B. M., & Keegan, L. (2013). Holistic nursing: A handbook for practice (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
American Holistic Nurses' Association. (2005). American Holistic Nurses' association (AHNA) Standards of Holistic Nursing Practice (Revised 2003). In AHNA (Ed.), Holistic Nursing A Handbook for Practice. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3 (2), p.77-101. Retrieved from http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/11735/2/thematic_analysis_revised_-final.pdf .
Fereday, J., & Muir-Cochrane, E. (2006). Demonstrating Rigor Using Thematic Analysis: A Hybrid Approach of Inductive and Deductive Coding and Theme Development. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690600500107
Titze-de-Almeida, R., da Cunha, TR, dos Santos Silva, LD, Ferreira, CS, Silva, CP, Ribeiro, AP, ... & Delgado-Rodrigues, RN (2022). Persistent, new-onset symptoms and mental health complaints in Long COVID in a Brazilian cohort of non-hospitalized patients. BMC infectious diseases, 22 (1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07065-3
Buttery, S., Philip, K. E., Williams, P., Fallas, A., West, B., Cumella, A., ... & Hopkinson, N. S. (2021). Patient symptoms and experience following COVID-19: results from a UK-wide survey. BMJ open respiratory research, 8(1), e001075. doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001075
Hairunisa, N., & Amalia, H. (2020). Review: penyakit virus corona baru 2019 (COVID-19). Jurnal Biomedika Dan Kesehatan, 3(2), 90–100. https://doi.org/10.18051/JBiomedKes.2020.v3.90-100
Kim, HS, & Park, JW (2021). A Phenomenological Study on the Lived Experiences of Patients Recovered from COVID-19. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing, 33 (6), 556-564. https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2021.33.6.556
Aslamiyah, S. (2021). Dampak covid-19 terhadap perubahan psikologis, sosial dan ekonomi pasien covid-19 di Kelurahan Dendang, Langkat, Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Riset Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 1(1), 56-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22373/jrpm.v1i1.664 .
Galehdar, N., Kamran, A., Toulabi, T., Heydari, H. (2020). Exploring nurses' experiences of psychological distress during care of patients with COVID-19: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry. 20(1): 489. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02898-1.
Ribeiro, M., Damiano, R. F., Marujo, R., Nasri, F., & Lucchetti, G. (2020). The role of spirituality in the COVID-19 pandemic: a spiritual hotline project. Journal of public health (Oxford, England), 42(4), 855–856. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa120
Khasha, M., & Permana, I. (2021). Pemenuhan Spiritual Care oleh Perawat di Rumah Sakit : A Structured Review. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa, 4(1), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.32584/jikj.v4i1.837
Ratnaningsih, T., Nisak, K., & Mu’tashim, A. (2022). Pelaksanaan Dukungan Spiritual Perawat Pada Pasien Covid-19 di Ruang HCU RSUD Bangil Kabupaten Pasuruan. Jurnal Pengabdian Kesehatan, 5(1), 78-87. doi: https://doi.org/10.31596/jpk.v5i1.193
Yuarsa, TA, & Jamalullail, J. (2022). Communication Therapeutic for Patients and Families Covid 19 patients. Syntax Literate; Journal Scientific Indonesia, 7 (1), 1473-1481.
Sibiya, M. N. (2018). Effective Communication in Nursing. In (Ed.), Nursing. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.74995.
Deliktas Demirci, A., Oruc, M., & Kabukcuoglu, K. (2021). 'It was difficult, but our struggle to touch lives gave us strength': The experience of nurses working on COVID‐19 wards. Journal of clinical nursing, 30 (5-6), 732-741. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15602
Davin, L., Thistlethwaite, J., Bartle, E., & Russell, K. (2019). Touch in health professional practice: a review. The clinical teacher, 16(6), 559–564. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.13089
Kennedy, NR, Steinberg, A., Arnold, RM, Doshi, AA, White, DB, DeLair, W., Nigra, K., & Elmer, J. (2021). Perspectives on Telephone and Video Communication in the Intensive Care Unit during COVID-19. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 18 (5), 838–847. https://doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.202006-729OC
Negro, A., Mucci, M., Beccaria, P., Borghi, G., Capocasa, T., Cardinali, M., Pasculli, N., Ranzani, R., Villa, G., & Zangrillo, A. (2020). Introducing the Video call to facilitate the communication between health care providers and families of patients in the intensive care unit during COVID-19 pandemia. Intensive & critical care nursing, 60, 102893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102893
Ilyas, I., & Abriyoso, O. (2022, April). The Effect of Therapeutic Communication On Patient Satisfaction Of Raja Ahmad Tabib Hospital In Riau Islands Province During The Covid-19 Period. In Proceedings International Seminar on Accounting Society (Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 31-42).
Nursing Department of Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Nursing Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Intensive Care Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association, Writing Committee Members, Wang, H., Zeng, T., Wu, X., & Sun, H. (2020). Holistic care for patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019: An expert consensus. International journal of nursing sciences, 7(2), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.03.010
Berman, A., Snyder, SJ, Kozier, B., Erb, G., Levett-Jones, T., Dwyer, T., ... & Stanley, D. (2010). Kozier and Erb's fundamentals of nursing (Vol. 1). Australian Pearsons.
